Foldable toy



March 24, 1925.

M. F. HOSFORD FOLDABLE TOY Filed Oct. 20, 1350 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 6 II IIMarch 24, 1925.

- M. F. HOSFORD FOLDABLE TOY Filed Oct. 20, 1920 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 //5 HOmryorze Efiosford 90 March 24, 1 925.

- M. F. HOSFORD FOLDABLE TOY Filed Oct. 20, 1920 S SheetS-Sheet 5 M. F.HOSFORD 5 Sheefs-Sheet 4 ford r5 g w m H F r u n u H IH HI H'H MHHHHHHIMn N nun m 1 m m w W M w w 2 F m J 0 \z a h J o l I I l I l llllllclllliolliwulllwl mo m 5 m a m M 0 0w 01'' Illinois, haveImprovements in ,"iury to the elements or Patented Mar. 24, .1925.

UNIT

MARJORIE i To all whom Be it known that I, Mam

- CHICAGO, ILLINOI application it may concern:

acitizen of the United Sta Oak P ark, in

the following exact description, re

accompanying drawing,

this specificat This. invention relate articularly' to toys of and1111018 p character which are capa knocked down,

assembled or the county of invented I Foldable -is a assembled withcomparative andwithout appreciable depreciation or 1nthe toy.

The invention is directed class of toys which are cutout ot sheets 0foldable material tened into the desir character are ing membersposition.

In the toys invention the held in place are adapted t swivel connectionnectors are placed in so that the to ever. desired from which One oftheobj ects of tore, resides in proved term the blanks structedinmanufacture,

easily assembled from blanks. The rigid, strong,

considerable wear at the same time and attractive "he toys which may beaccordance wi tion may be position,

from w which tIh andithe toys are and then usua or by SFORD, 0F OAK PAfull, clear, i'erencebeing tor ning a part of ed forms. lly held inshape by tast- D; S ATES PATENT. OFFICE.

animmors, Assrenoa r0 TOYGRO COMPANY, or

s, A conrona'rron or 1 ri rirnors.

. roL'nABmi Tour.

in F. Hosroan, residing at tes,

State Cook and new and useful Toys, of which concise, and had to the sto. foldable toys,

this

e of being disease and speed parts constituting to that general foldedand tas Toys of this t the blank providing lockii the I the hold it inconstructed according to this various by 0 prov likewise as well as yscan without the toys when u and durable blanks or parts suitableconnectors which as desired,

- r1 g1 dly the production of t toy of this character and hich such toysare e blanks are ,simpl and rough usage, being pleasing to the eye areide either a rwid or a T 1e con and easily easily removed,

be disassembled whenlinjuring the blanks the toys are constructed thisinvention,

cone to readily and said blank or thus assembled are so as to stand thetoys in appearance.

constructed in th the teachings of this invendivided for cOllVQlllQllCG- llllIO filed oct ber 20, 1929.

as well as re-- ,struction is obtained by bending the toy isconstructed. there- Serial No. 418,192.

two general groups or classes, namely, the

non-roller type, of which tables, chairs, couches, lamps and dressers,etc., are examples, and the wheel or .roller type, of which wagons,automobiles, carts, buggies, etc.,are examples. The blanks from whichboth of these two general types of toys are constructed a are designedupon a common plan or system whereby the toys when assembled, will havea certain desired stiffness, rigidity and solidity, not heretoforeacuired in toys of this character. One of the chief objections tor'oldable toys resides in the r'act that such toys are usually of flimsyconstruction, and this objection applies especially to the protrudingportions of the toy, which portions of the toy, structed of paper, arevery rea torted or torn,

dily dis- Another object of this invention, therefore, resides in theproduction of a system for the design of the blank from which the toysare assembled whereby there will be no flimsy or weak protruding parts,the finished assembled toy in all its sections being constructed toresist ordinary turning, tearing, and twisting forces. This improvedconstruction is obtained by making all those parts of the toy which aresubjected to strains substantially as rigid as the body portion of thetoy. The con themselves such protruc ing parts or the toy and preferablyseparating the bent-back portions of the toy by a suitable web, wherebyit will be necessary in order to bend, tear or twist the protruding partto do so acrossthe edge of the material from which This constructionimparts to the toy a'rigidity which is commensurate with a toyconstructed of solid material, By adapting this system of constructionthrough the entire line of toys, they may be readily made of cardboardor stiff paper and still be as substantially solid and rigid as theordinary non-collapsible toy constructed of light wood or metal,

The toys made in accordance with the teachings of this invention arepreferably made of stiff paper or cardboard, but the inven- 'tion isobviously not limited to toys conwhen 0011- i likely to e back on i canbe readily bent, such as for example, light sheet metal or the like.

further object of the invention resides in a construction whereby thegeneral apfasteners adapted to assemble the body of the toy as asecuring means for suitable coverings, fanciful or otherwise, for anydesired portions of the toy. Thus for example, in the case of furnituresuch varying forms of upholstery can be secured to'the toys as mayplease the fancy of the child. The decoration of the toys, by means offanciful covering, gives the toys a more realistic appearance and makessuch toys entertaining and instructive.

Other objects of the invention will be apparent from the followingdescription, the accompanying illustrations and the ap pended claims.

For the purpose of description several embodiments of this invention areillustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which- Fig. 1 is a view inchair;

Fig. 2 is a vertical section through the chair illustrated in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 illustrates the blank member of the chair;

Fig. 4: represents the blank the chair;

Fig. 5 illustrates the blank leg members of the chair;

Fig. 6 is an inverted drawing of the blank for the back cover of thechair;

Fig. 7 is an inverted drawing of the blank of the cover for the seat ofthe chair;

Fig. 8 is a view in perspective of one form of table;

F 9 is a vertical section through one Side of the table taken on theplane representedby the line 9-9 of Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is a. longitudinal section of one end of the table taken on. theplane represented by the line 101() of Fig. 8;

Figs. 11, 12 and 13 represent respectively the blank for the top for theshelf and for the legs of the table;

Fig. let is an inverted showing of the blank for the cover of the table;

Fig. 15 is an illustration in perspective of a bed;

Fig. 16 is a longitudinal section through the center of the bed shown inFig. 15;

Fig. 17 is a section taken on the plane repperspective of a type of ofthe body of the seat of for the front resented by the line 17-17 of 16;

Fig. 18 is a detailed manner in which the legs of the bed folded andfastened;

Figs. 19, 20, 21 and 22 illustrate respectively the blanks for the head,foot-board, side-rails and springs of the bed;

the

are

view showing Fig. 23 shows the blank for the spread of the bed;

Figs. 24: and 25 illustrate respectively an inverted view of'thecovering used for the head and foot-panels of the bed;

Fig. 26 illustrates in perspective a cart and is an example of theroller type of toy;

Fig. 27 is a section taken on the plane represented by the line 2'. 27of Fig. 26;

Figs. 28, 29 and 30 illustrate respectively the blanks for the box ofthe cart, the bolster and the tongue; and

Figs. 31, 32 and 33 show respectively the wheel, the axle and anenlarged end view elevation of the axle.

which contains all the second, crease the the fold line, and finally,assemble the blank by means of the fasteners through the alignedperforations.

The blanks will be preferably sold to the public in sets, each setincorporating, in the case of furniture, the articles required for oneroom, as for example, living-room, dining-room, kitchen or bed-roomfurniture.

In the drawings, Figs. 1 to 7 are typical the blanks and the ashairincluded in a set of bed-room furniture. As will be observed from thefigures, there are three blanks shown in Figs.

4 and 5 respectively which are required to construct the body portion ofthe chair.

Fig. 3 illustrates the blank used for the back and rear legs of thechair. Thus, the part 35 is the front portion of said back, and to it isattached the rear portion of the back 36 and the combined arms and rearlegs 37 and 38. In preparing this blank for assembly, the blank is cuton the heavy lines 39, 4.0, all and 4-2 and creased on all the brokenlines such as 43. When the blank has been cut on the heavy lines 39 to42 inclusive and creased on the broken lines 43 and 44, the protrudingback of the chair will be folded back on itself, so that the said backwill be composed of two layers with the intervening web 45 at the top ofthe back.

construction is incorporated in the rear legs whereby the arms of thechair have been folded holes I obviously such covering could of the backand theqslots.

will be provided with't'he was and and 52 and 53-respectively j 2 Theblank shown in Fig. .3 is likewise fitted with the slots. 54 and 55,which are utilized to carry the fanciful coverings which it might bedesired to attach to s the chair" to represent upholstery. These slotstogether with he fasteners inserted through 72 and 73 serve as aconvenient means for attaching the covering to the chair, but be carriedover the end omitted, 'ifso desired. p The blank shown'in Fig. 3constitutes the main'body member ofthe chair incorporating the back, thetwo rearlegs of the chair, andthe two sides; of the chair. The

blank from which thefront-le'g's of the chair are constructed isi'llustratedin Fig. 5 and comprises the'front portion 56 and the sideportions 57 and 58,. theside portions being creased on thefold "lines 59and 66). The seat ofthe chair ,isillustrated in Fig. 4 and comprises themain seat-body; 61 and the 4 foldable appendages 62, 63, 64 and 65 whichare folded down onthe crease lines 66. To assemble thechai'r, afterthe'blanks on their respective crease lines, the folded blankillustrated in Fig. 4 is inserted in'the folded blank illustrated inFig. 3,:s0 that-the perforations 70, 71,72, 73, 74 and 75 of the foldedlolank 3 are aligned with the perforations 76, '77, 78, 79, and 81ofFig'.4. The folded blankin Fig. 5 is then placed in position at thefront "of" :the chair,' as clearly illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2,.w1ththe perforations 8 2, 83, 84, 85, 86 and 87 aligned with theperforations" 77, 76,88,

' 89, 81 a'nd'80 respectively of the folded blank of Fig. 4, and theperforations 82 and 183 of the blank of Fig. "5 aligned with theperforations 7 land 70 respectively of Fig. 3, and the perforations 86and 87 aligned respectively with the perforations'75 andT L ofFig. 5.. lvhen'the Rchair has been thus assembled, the various folded blanks canbe readily heldjin {shape by inserting through the alignedperforationsany type of fastener, preferably the ordinary brass paperfastener, "as illustrated at 90 in Fig.2. When the folded blanks ofFigs. 3, 4, and 5 are thus assembled andheldin position by the fastenersinserted through the aligned perforations, theofram'e-work of the chairis completely assembled'in the form shown in Figs. 1' and 2, W1 htheexception that the covering shown in "thesetwo figures to illustrateupholstery are not included in the assembly hereinbefore will be notedfrom the vertical'sectionshown in Fig. 2 that theprotruding back of thechair comprises the front.,ai1d';back sections interconnected 'by thetwo sections are held" 35 and 36 respectively web 45, and that thesechair by the assembled sides chair being readily accomplishedperforations 98 described. Itv

seat blank illustrated in in positionandattached to the seat of themeans of the fasteners 90. This construction-gives, to this protrudingback a solidity and rigidity which is commensurate with the box-bodyportion of the chair and eliminates from the-chair construction'aflimsy, easily torn and bent back, such as is ordinarily obtained infoldable furniture when this construction is not utilized. This isparticularly true when the furniture is made from folded paper orcardboard.

The same construction is incorporated in 91 and 92 of the chair, theprotruding portions of the chair being rigidly and solidly constructedby means of this design, and the box-body portion of the of there-enforcing effect of the interconnected blanks. The assembled chairrepresents-an article which very closely simulates likewise solid andrigid because an article "of furniture made of solid ma terial, not onlyin strength and rigidity, but likewise in physical appearance. When itis desired to cover the 'body or frame-work of sa'idjchair with a designrepresenting upholstery, cane-work or the like, this can be by cuttingblanks adapted to tit over chair which it is desired to cover,perforating those blanks at the proper places and then assembling thecoverings on the chair overthe portions to be covered by the samefasteners 90, which are utilized to assemble the frame-work of the chairas hereinbefore described. For the purpose of illustration, Figs. 6 and7 utilized for such coverings. Fig. 6 shows an inverted plan view of theblank of the covering used for the back of a chair, this blankcomprising the front portion 94 and the backportion 93, these twoportions be ing connected by the interconnecting web 95,

s which web is positioned between these two portions between the foldlines 96 and 97. When this covering is to be applied to the chair it iscreased Eon the fold lines, after which-one end of the covering isslipped throughthe ali gnedslots 54 and55, at which time theperforations 9G and 99 will be aligned with 72 and 7' 3, and theper-fora- 102 and 103, and thus the the perforations tions 100, 101,

rear fasteners '90 will serve to hold all of these parts in position, asclearly illustrated inFig. '2. In a like manner, wvhen it is desired *tocover-the seatof the chair, a blank such as illustrated in Fig. 7 isused. This blank consists of a mam portion 105 and theappendages 106,107, 108 and 109, which are folded; on the crease lines such as 110.This blank cm'ering is inserted over the Fig. 4 before said seat isassembled in the chair, and then when 'the chair isassembled, ashereinbefore those portions of the I show blanks which may be and 97 andthe 1 int) "' all of which are folded described, the fasteners 90 whichhold the chair in its assembled position will hold the seat and itscovering in their respec tive position.

hen the chair is assembled with the coverings, hereinbefore described,in position, it will have a general appearance such as illustrated inFig. 1. It willbe obvious that other coverings may be added to thechair, as for example, a covering may be applied, if desired, to theside arms and also to the legs. These coverings may be of differentcolor and design to suit the fancy of the child. These coverings canreadily be out from wall-paper, colored paper, cloth, and the like. Thechild-is, therefore, in a position, having assembled the frame-work, tolay out and design the general appearance of the chair according to itsown artistic desires. Inasmuch as the chair is assembled entirely by thefasteners, such as 90, it can be knocked downand reassembled without anyinjury to the folded blanks and consequently the cover ings of the chaircan be changed whenever desired, and the child is, tl1erefore,-in aposition to change the, character and coinplexion of the furniturewhenever it desires. This feature of this furniture incorporates anelement which. is very entertaining as well as instructive to the child.

In Figs. 8 to 14 is shown a table constructed in accordance with theteachings of this invention. The frame-work of this table is constructedof five blanks, comprising the blank for the top, illustrated in Fig.11; two blanks for the legs,one of which is illustrated in Fig. 13, andthe blank for the shelf, illustrated in Fig. 12. .In constructing thistable the blanks are cut and folded in a manner identical withthatdescribed for the chair illlstrated in, Figs. 1 to 7. Thus the top ofthe table 111 carries the four appendages 112, 113, 114 and 115, on thecrease lines indicated and. whereby the protruding top )ortion of thetable 116, as illustrated in ig. 9, will be folded back on itself togive this portion. of the table the desired stiffness and rigidity. Thisprotruding portion 116 in this table extends but a short distance beyondthe side face of the table, and consequently the construction shown inFig. 9, in which no substantial intervening web is utilized at theextreme end, gives sufficient strength and rigidity. The two legmembers, one of which is illustrated in F ig. 13, are folded on thecrease lines 118 and 119, and when .thus folded the perforations 120,121, 122 and 123 of one set of legs will be aligned with theperforations 124, 125, 126 and 127 respectively of the table-top, theperforations of the table-top 128 and 129 aligning respectively with theperforations 125 and 126. The shelf 130 iscut. on the solid black lines131, 132, 133, and 134 and creased on the broken lines, and is theninserted in position, as indicated in Figs. 8 and 9, at which time theperforations such as 135 and 136 at each corner will be aligned with thelower perforation 137 at each leg. Whenthe three table blanks have beenthus folded and assembled, it will be obvious that they can be readilyheld in their respective position to construct the assembled table shownin Fig. 8 by fasteners such as 90.

Then it is desired to cover any portion of the table, this isaccomplished in substantially the same way as was described inconnection with the chair illustrated in Figs. 1-7. In the specificembodiment shown, av table-cloth 138 is illustrated, the blank of whichis shown in Fig. 14. This blank consists of a top portion 139 and thetwo appendages 140 and 141 separated from the top by suit-able foldedlines. lVhen this table-cloth has been folded on these lines it isinserted in position over the tabletop 111 and, its appendages 140 and141, will readily hold it in this position without fasteners due to theform of creasing. Obviously, if desired, a cover for the entire topcould be placed on the table, and various coverings could be utilizedfor the legs, and these coverings fastened to the framework by thefasteners used to hold the frame-work of the table together. Thecoverings used for the table-top cover and the coverings used for thelegs and shelf could be designed to simulate anything desired. Thecoverings for the legs, for example, could be such as to simulatevarious types of wood; whereas, the cover for the table-top couldsimulate either a fancy cloth cover, oil-cloth, etc.

Figs. 15-23 illustrate a form of bed and the blanks from which it isconstructed, which bed and blanks incorporate the iniproved constructionfollowing the teachings of this invention. The fraineavork of the bed isconstructed from four blanks UO1H- prising the head-board blank.illustrated in Fig. 19; the foot-board blank, illustrated in Fig. 20,and two side-rails, one of which 7 is illustrated in Fig. 21. Thehead-board of the bed 142 is constructed of the blank illustrated inFig. 19, which comprises the main portion 143 and the appendages 144,145, 146, 147 and 148. This blank is cut on the solid lines 149 and 150.After thus cut, the blank is folded on the crease lines shown, theappenchiges 144 and 146 being folded inwardly so that the perforations151, 152, 153 and 154 will align with the perforations 155, 156, 157 and158 rcspectively. When these perforations are aligned and the blankproperly folded 011 the crease lines, the protruding upper portion ofthe head-boardwill be folded back on itself 1 age is folded inwardly areready to receive upper portion of the to give it solidity and rigidity,said folded back portion being interconnected to the main portions ofthe bed 143; by means the webs 160 and 161. d p The upper appendin thesame i'nanner so thatthe perforations of this appendage, 162 and 163,will align with the perforations157 and 155 respectively. The.appendages 147 and .148. l and bent on the crease. tion-s164 and 165being folded in lar shape as illustrated in Fig. 18, in place in thefolded forni l nes, the leg portriangu- The foot-board illustrated inFig. 20 con-v sists of {the main portion166 and the appendages 167,168,169,170 and 17h The.

on the lines herealign with the perforations 174 and 17 5, andtheiperforations 176 and 177 will align with the perforations 174 and175. The

leg portions 178 and. 17 9 on the foot-board are folded and assembledthe same as were theleg portions of the head board.

The side-rails, as illustrated in Fig. 21, consists of two section s,180and 181- respectively, interconnected by the web- 182. :Theseside-rails. are creased on the fold lines shown, itself whereby theperforations 188 and 184 will be aligned withjthe perforations 185 and186 respectively. p

when the head-board and foot-board have been thus creased and assembled,they the siderailsso as to complete the" frame-work of the bed. The

side-rails of the bed, are slipped over the appendages 147, 148, 169andl'TO, so thatthemperforations 183 and 185 at oneend off the side-railwill be aligned with either one of" the perforations spring blank workof 2 same fasteners 90 which 190 and the appendages 188 in the headboardand the perforations 184 and 186 will align w lthei'ther one o theperforations 189 in the foot-board. When the blanks constituting theframework have been ythus assembled,"the framethe bed will have ageneral appearance,as illustrated in perspectivein Fig. 15

I When the frame-work of. the bed is thus assembled, the leg portion inthe triangular shape illustrated in Fig. 18 will protrude andWillserveas a suitable sup.-

7 us be .re inthe frame-work o embodiment shown in the illustrations,the is arranged to be secured in frame-work by. the secure the siderails of the bed to the head andqfoot-boards.

The blank for the spring is illustrated in Fig. 22 and'conip-rises thecenter position 191, 192,193 and its position in he bed 194. The blank190 is cut on the solid black are thenfturned in I be loosely assembledin and held by afastene'r 90..

so that'thisgblank is bent back on p late any f pendages 213, 214

-.blank for the spring has een cut and folds ed on the crease line, theperforation 199 willbe aligned with perforation2QO, perforation 2%,"will align with perforation 201; perforation 202 will align withperforation 203, and perforation 204 will align with perforation205. Ifthe spring is' to the bed frame-work, fasteners will be passed throughthese aligned perforations to hold the springin itsfolded position whenthe springcan be placed in the frame work, without fastening it thereto;-However, in the preferred embodiment the fasteners which secure theside-rails to the head-and foot-boards are passed through the alignedperforations of the bed spring to hold the bed spring in position in thefra1nework. This is clearly illustrated in Fig. 17. In alike manner theperforations 208, 209, 210 and 211 of the bed spring, when assembled inthe bed frame-work, will align with the perforations 156 and 15S and 174and 17 5 at the lower partof the head and foot-boards respectively, andthe fasteners will be inserted through the spring, as well as theseerforations and the perforations in the folded back appendages 144 and146 of the head-board and 16.8 and 177 of the footboard. The nijanner inwhich these fasteners pass through the head and foot-board and the; endsof the springiscle'arly illustrated in Fig. 16.

. Obviously, if desired, the spring frame-work may inaterialfdesired, soas to give the bed more realistic appearance; For this purpose thespring may be covered with a spread, as illustrated in Fig. 23, whichspring comprises the center 212 and the apand 215. The spread is cut andfolded on the same lines as hereinbefore described and is placed overthe spring and held in position by the saine fasteners .whichhold thespring in position, as clearly. illustrated in Figs, 15, 16 and 17.

For the purpose of illustrating the manner in which the framework of thebed may be covered, a head-board panel blankis shown inFig...24, whichblank consists of the center portion 216 and the foldable appendages217, f I 218, 2139 and 220. This blank isfolded on the crease linesindicated and is secured tothe head-board by the fasteners used in theoriginal. assembly. as clearly illustrated in Figs. 15and 16. InFig. 25is shown a panel which may be used for the foot-board, whichpanelconsists of the center portion 221 and the foldable appendages 222,223, 224 and 225. This foot-board panel blank, when creased on the foldlines, is inserted in position, as clearly illustrated in Figs. 15 and 1knocked down at applied to the frame structed because 16, and held inposition by the fasteners used in the original assembly, The panelsillustrated in Figs. 24 and 25 may be marked to imitate any desiredmaterial and for the purpose of illustration in the preferred embodimentshown in the drawings, these panels have been marked to illustrate caneor wicker-work.

iVhen the bed has been completely as-' sembled with the variouscoverings attached thereto, as illustrated in Fig. 15, it comprises asolid, rigid structure which cannot be easily torn, bent, twisted ordistorted and one which may be readily assembled. and will. Likewise,because of the facility with which the bed can be assembled and thecorresponding ease with which coverings of various designs may be andspring structure, it will be evident that the general complexion andappearance of the bed can be readily changed to suit the fanc 1 of thechild without in any way injuriously affecting the folded blanks fromwhich the bed is conof the tearing apart and assembling of thestructure.

7 Figs. 26 to 33 illustrate a form of roller type toy constructed inaccordance with the teachings of this invention. The toy there showncomprises an ordinary cart or wagon, but obviously. the principlesincorporated in its construction are readily applicable to any otherform of roller toy which'it may be desired to build. The illustrativeform of roller toy shown in these figures comprises fourmain foldableblanks.

Fig. 28 illustrates the blank for the box of the cart and this blank 230comprises a main portion 231 and the appended fol'dable portions 232,233, 234, and 235. Each of these appended foldable portions consists oftwo parts interconnected by a web, one of which is folded back on theother and which is other by means of an interas 236. This blank is outand folded in the same manner as hereinfor the previous toys and theblanks interconnected by fasteners such as 90, whiclr pass through thealigned per-- forations when the blank is folded, as hereinbeforedescribed. It will be noted that the box of the wagon, when thusassembled, has all of its upwardly protruding parts, that is the sides,constructed of material which is bent back upon itself and which isinter-- connected by intervening webs such as 236. This,as hereinbeforeexplained, gives to the upwardly protruding side portions of thewagon-box the necessary stiflness, solidity and rigidity, as well assimulating the appearance of being constructed of solid material.

Secured to the rear the cart or wagon is strated in Fig. 29,

portion of the box of a bolster such as il1u- This bolster consists ofthe two side portions such as 240 and 241 interconnected by the part242-. The blank is folded on the broken lines, as indicated in thefigure, and when thus folded the perforations 243, 244, 245 and 246 willall be in alignment under substantially the center portion of theinterconnecting part 242. lVhen thus aligned, these parts are allinterconnected by a fastener 90, as illustrated in Fig. 27. The rearbolster is connected to the box of the wagon or cart by means ofperforations 247 and 248 in'the bolster which will align withperforations249 and 250 in the main portion 231 of the box blank.

When these perforations are thus aligned, the bolster is connected tothe box by means of fasteners such as 90, as illustrated. in Fig. 26.The bolster for the front part of the wagon is assembled in the samemanner but is connected to the frontend of the box by means of: a.single fastener which passes through the perforation 251 in" the bolsterand 252 in the box, whereby a swivel connection is obtained between thefront bolster and the wagon-box. The perforations 252 and 253 in thebolster are adapted to receive the axle 254 illustrated in Fig. 32,which axle is preferably composed of some light form of wood or metalwire. Secured to each end of the axle is a wheel such as 255 illustratedin Fig. 31, which wheel is preferably made of heavy cardboard or fibreor some other form of stifi, light material. The wheel is retained inposition on the axle by slitting the ends of the axle crosswise asindicated at 256 and'257 in Fig. Thus, after the wheel is slipped overthe end of the axle, these crosscuts on the end of said axle may bepried out slightly to hold the wheel in position.

Secured to the front bolster by means of the fastener 90, which pasesthrough the aligned perforations '243246' inclusive, which retains saidbolster in. shape, is the tongue of the wagon, the blank for which isillustrated in Fig. 30. The blank from which the tongue 258 of the wagonis constructed comprises the center portion 259 and the threeappended'foldable portions 260, 261 and 262. The blank for the tongue isfolded on the crease lines, and when thus folded the two downwardlyextend ingpoie lions 261and. 262 are held in position by i'neans ofa rod263 which passes through the aligned perforations 264 and 265. Thesedownwardly turned portions 261 and 262, together with the rod 263, tendto give the tongue the required stiffness or rigidity. The tongue isconnected to the front bolster by means of the perforation 266 throughing in the perforations 252 and rigidity earth-as a general appearance,as illustrated in perspective in Fig. 26'. The cart, as there shown, canbe readily d rawnabout by the tongue of the wagon when the wheels willreadily rotate with the axle, the axle rotatfront and rear bolsters. "Aea'rtwheir cone structed as here" ibefore described,; and' i'll-ustralfed in perspective in-Fig'. 26, has sufficient strength andpossesses the required solidity tocarry considerable weight.

A1 cart thus constructed is commensuraten type of article.

, would'be of very (Obviously, the

struct the toy.

toys are miniature reproductions. sired, 1t 15 obviously apparent thatthe varistrength with the" averagechea-p toynaade of Woodweneer orofvery light sheet metal. constructionof the cart, as the toyshereinbef'ore de adapted to receive coveris the 'case of scribed, 1 sreadil -y ings to represent materialsof varying character. Thus thebody, bolsters and tongue maybe covered, if desired, with a suitablematerial to represent the various types-of material ordinarily usedinconstructing this large number of ;-v'arious characters of roller toyscan be constructed in which. the, general teachings of this in ventionand the principles involved could be employed, but for the purposes ofillustratiomthe singletype of roller toy. illustrated in Figs. 26-33is'sufiicient to indicate the general scheme and system to be em ployed.

It will now description that Obviously, a

be evident from the foregoing the toys constructed according to thisinvention have a number of very distinct and advantageous features. Thusfor example, the toys canbe very readily assembled and knocked downwithout any perceptible injury to the blanks used to con- ,This ispossible because of the manner in which the toys are interconnected, asthe fasteners can be readily in serted through the'aligned holes andremoved without in blanks. Likewise, the system of folding is sodesigned that the protruding parts or exposed edges ofthe toy, whichordinarily weak and flimsy construction, are ire-enforced in such amanner that these protruding parts are just as solid, strong and rigidas the body portion of the toy. Further, because of the improved methodof interconnecting the various blanks, the different sections or partsof the'toy can be readilycovered so as to give to such parts anappearance which closely simulates the appearance of these parts in theactual structures of which the If deous blanks from which the toys areconstructed can be made of material having different colors so that thetoy, when assembled without any coverings,w1ll have a 'cer tain definitephysical appearance and genof the iscapable of pliications, the

, ing

any way injuring the material, said toy "@bviousl y, the invention 18not limited to the specific embodiments thereof herein illustrated anddescribed, but the invention many vari tions and other apspirit andscope of the invention being set out in the following claims.

Having thus described my invention, what lela -iin as new and desire tosecure by lcictt-ers Patent, is: I

1. A men-"article of manufacture comprising knock-down toy made fromfold'able material consisting of blanks fitted with pcrferationsand oldlines, protruding portionsin saidtoys when assembled, said protrudingportions comprising material bent back on, itself, an interveningairchamber separating said bent back portions whereby they acquirethe'desired stiffness and rigidity, a web of substantial width bent atsubstanti ally" right angles interposed between said bent back portions,paperifasteners, saidv web and said paper fasteners maintaining the bentback portions of said toy in fixed relationship, and said paperfasteners passing through aligned perforations in the folded materialwhen assembled, the said perforations and fasteners serving toproperly-position the various parts of said toy and being the sole meansfor holding it in its assembled relationship.

2. A new article of manufacture comprisa knock-down toy made fromfoldable material consisting of blanks fitted with perforations and foldlines, paper fasteners, said blanks being folded and interconnected bysaid fasteners passing through said perforations when the toy isassembled in its fold relationship, said blanks constituting theframe-workof the toy, a covering for said toy fitted with perforationsand fold lines, which covering when folded will fit over said frame-workand its perforations aligned with the perforations in. the framework,said coverings being held in position by the same fasteners used toassemble the frame-work, the perforations together with the fastenersserving to properly position the various parts of said toy and being thesole means for holding it in its assembled relationship.

3, A new ing a knock-down article of manufacture compristoy made fromfoldable being composed of inter connected blanks which constitute theframe-work of the toy, perforations in said blanks and fastenersprovided to pass through the perforations in said blanks when assembledin its folded relationship to maintain the toy in its assembledcondition, coverings adapted to be removably applied to said frame-work,perforations and fold lines in said coverings, the covers, when creasedon said fold lines, being adapted to blanks being designed so that theprotrudbe applied to said frame-work, the perforaing portions thereof inthe assembled toy tions in the coverings being aligned with Will befolded back on themselves with an the perforations in the frame-work andthe intervening web, and so that said portions fasteners utilized toassemble the frame- Will be substantially as rigid and solid as workserving to secure the coverings to the the body of the toy, standardizedconnectors "frame-work of said toy. for assembling said toy andretaining the 4. A new article of manufacture compris-' folded portionsof the protruding parts in ing a knockdown toy made from foldable theassembled position, said connectors passblanks, perforations in saidblanks, standing through aligned perforations in the ard interconnectingfasteners used to inter folded material, said perforations andconconnect said fold blanks .to construct an asnectors serving toproperly position the va sembled toy, coverings adapted to be placedrious parts of said toy and being the sole upon said assembled toy,perforations and means for holding it in its assembled relafold lines onsaid covers, the perforations in tionship, coverings adapted to beapplied to said coverings, when folded and applied to the desiredportions of said toy to give it a the assembled toy, aligning with'theperfomore realistic appearance, fold lines and rations in the toy blank,the fasteners utilperforations in said coverings, the perforaized toassemble the toy being used to intertions in said coverings when appliedto the connect the coverings on the assembled toy, assembled toyaligning with perforations in the blanks constituting the frame-work ofthe toy blank, said coverings being retained the toy and the covers forsaid blanks being in position by the same connectors utilizedinterchangeable for the purpose of varying to assemble the blanksconstituting the toy. the general appearance of the toy. In witnesswhereof, I have hereunto sub- '5. A new article of manufacturecomprisscribed my name. ing a knock-down toy made from foldable blanks,perforations in said blanks, said i MARJORIE F. HOSFORD.

